Glenmark to Combine Two Anti-Viral Drugs; Start Trials on Indian COVID-19 Patients

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals announced on Tuesday that it will commence another new Phase 3 clinical trial on a combination of two anti-viral drugs Favipiravir and Umifenovir in hospitalized patients of moderate COVID-19 in India. Glenmark has received approval from the Indian regulator to initiate the study.

The combination study is called the FAITH trial and will look to enroll 158 hospitalized patients of moderate COVID-19 in India. Early treatment with combination therapy will be evaluated for safety and efficacy . As it is emerging as an effective approach in shortening duration of virus shedding, decreasing cytokine response, and facilitating early discharge of patients.

Glenmark said the antivirals with different mechanisms of action could complement and enhance efficacy against COVID-19. Glenmark also continues its Phase 3 clinical trials on antiviral Favipiravir mono-therapy for COVID-19 patients in India.

The company has announced a new randomized, open-label study to test the combined efficacy of two antiviral drugs Favipiravir and Umifenovir as a potential COVID-19 treatment strategy.

The two antiviral drugs have different mechanism of action, and their combination may demonstrate improved treatment efficacy by effectively tackling high viral loads in patients during early stage of disease.

Early administration of a combination of antiviral medications acting by different mechanisms is desirable for the treatment of COVID-19, since the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 peaks around the time of symptom onset.

Thus combining antiviral drugs could result in greater clinical effectiveness and could also prevent, or delay, the emergence of resistance. Favipiravir is an oral antiviral drug approved in Japan since 2014 for the treatment of novel or re-emerging influenza virus infections. It has a unique mechanism of action by which it inhibits viral replication.

It is converted into an active phosphoribosylated form (favipiravir-RTP) in cells and recognized as a substrate by viral RNA polymerase, thereby inhibiting RNA polymerase activity that is required for viral replication.

Umifenovir is another oral antiviral drug licensed for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A and B infections in Russia and China. It impedes the viral attachment to cells and acts as a viral entry inhibitor. Additionally, it exhibits modulatory effects on the immune system and induces interferon-production.

Hence a combined use of Favipiravir and Umifenovir acting on different mechanisms offers a comprehensive antiviral cover on pre-entry and post-entry life-cycle of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Both Favipiravir and Umifenovir inhibited virus infection in-vitro and have shown efficacy in COVID-19 clinical trials. The current Glenmark study will examine whether early administration of a combination of Favipiravir and Umifenovir, both acting by different mechanisms, enhances antiviral efficacy on COVID-19 patients.

Commenting on this development, Vice President & Head Clinical Development Global Specialty/Branded Portfolio, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Monika Tandon, said: ” Combining antiviral agents that have a good safety profile and act on different stages of viral life-cycle is an effective treatment approach to rapidly suppress initial high viral load and lead to overall improvement in clinical parameters. We consider Glenmark’s study will be pivotal in leading to identification of highly effective and safe treatments against COVID-19 in India. Beyond its many potential patient treatment benefits, we also hope the combination therapy will reduce infection risk amongst medical professionals and healthcare workers by reducing the duration of virus shedding from treated patients.”

Further, Sujesh Vasudevan, President, India Formulations, Middle East and Africa business, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. mentioned “This is another step in our effort is to launch a treatment for COVID-19 patients and we are looking at every possibility. We will do all it takes to ensure accessibility of the product across the country if the clinical trials are successful.”

A total of 158 hospitalized patients of moderate COVID-19 infection will be enrolled in the combination study and randomized in two groups : one group receiving Favipiravir and Umifenovir (with standard supportive care); and one group receiving Favipiravir along with standard supportive care.

Patients in the arm receiving the drug will receive Faviprivir 1800 mg bid and Umifenovir 800 mg bid on Day 1. Thereafter, patients would receive Faviprivir 800 mg bid and Unifenovir 800 mg bid for the remaining course of the treatment. The duration of treatment is supposed to be 14 days and patients will be discharged after clinical cure and two consecutive negative tests for COVID-19 based on RT-PCR.

Simultaneously Glenmark is also conducting phase 3 clinical trials of Favipiravir as a COVID-19 mono-therapy option with 150 patients, enrolled from 9 leading government and private hospitals across the country.

So far 30 patients have been randomised. The mono-therapy phase 3 clinical trial results are expected by July/August 2020. Glenmark was the first pharmaceutical company to receive approval from drug regulator DCGI to conduct Favipiravir clinical trials against COVID-19 in India.